Isaac b



(ModelQ) I. B. KLEINERT.

ARMPIT SHIELD.

No. 351,269. Patented Oct. 19, 18.86.

ll wanker J4me N @5 attozum l witnesses ,I 7 3mm UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

ISAAC B. KL'EINERT, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

ARMPlT-SHIELD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,269, dated @etober 19,1886.

(Modem To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Isaac B. KLEINERT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Armpit-Shields, of which the following'is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the rubber lining, showing the manner of joining the pieces thereof.

This invention relates to that class of armpit-shields in which there is .no seam at the fold; and the object thereof is to obtain a dressshield which shall be absolutely free from all uncertainty as to imperviousness.

The seamless shields heretofore made are all more or less liable to be pervions, inasmuch as the coating" usually applied to the surface of the material of which they are formed is a very thin compound, of which generally not more than one-half is rubber, the remainder being of material that is insoluble or that does not thoroughly assimilate with the rubber, and the material thus coated is hence very liable to be found pervious at many points when the article comes to be worn, and subjected to the action of the perspiration of the wearer. In addition to this objection,l have found that to produce a shield that can be considered in any wise as impervious, the coating must be made so thick as to be very bulky and cumbersome, and hence it isobjectionable on this score also.

In that class of shields formed of-two pieces of rubber-coated material united at the fold, or elsewhere, there is, necessaril y, an overlapping seam, which makes the article thicker at this point by one thickness of the material and the layer of cement by which the two pieces are united, so that this part not only becomes very thick and clumsy, but is also comparatively stiff and harsh. Besides this, the joint, although it may appear perfect to the eye, is frequently imperfectly made, and when subjected to the test of wear the perspiration may find its way through the imperfect place and ruin a costly dress before the trouble is discovered.

To overcome these difficulties is the object of my present improvement; and the invention consists in combining with an outer seamless covering an inner section of rubber tissue made in such a manner as to be seamless at the joint, said coating being prepared with a filling to prevent its shrinking under the ef fects of perspiration and the inner section being made of as pure rubber as can be cured, without the coloring and other matters usually added to give body to the same.

In carrying out my invention I preferably proceed in the following manner: I make the inner or rubber section, A, by stretching it into form or in any manner known to those skilled in the art, but preferably by cutting out two crescent-shaped pieces, and then, by butting the concave pieces together, form a joint without any appreciable seam or additional thickness. This can readily be done with the pure gum, owing to its cohesive quality, but not so easily when mixed with the other materials commonly incorporated in rubber compounds. \Vith the pure gum a perfect joint can readily be made, and a lining section is thus produced that is not only absolutely impervious,but one that will retain its proper curve at the fold under all reasonable circumstances. I new cover this lining with a seamless section, B, of some soft flexible material, preferably of stockinet,which is first stretched or formed into a suitable shape, and then saddled over the rubber section and the edges trimmed to correspond, after which they may be united at the outer edges,either by binding or plain stitching all around said edges or only a short distance down each side, leaving the lower part of the edges unattached to each other, whereby the advantage of ventilation is obtained, as the opening at the bottom admits of a better circulation of air between the two sections when set to dry. Besides this advantage, the loose outer layer or covering is more easily basted to the dress, as the gum renders such basting difficult when both are united all along the edges. If the parts are stitched together,the edges may or may not be pinked, to give the same an ornamental appearance.

Ihave so far described the outer covering as being made of plain. stockinet; but I prefer to use a stockinet that has been prepared with a filling, either before or after it hasbeen stretched or formed to the required shape.

' This filling may be of some soft gum or waterproof size, provided with a suitable pigment to give a white color, so that the pores of the stockinet will be filled and the color of the gum, which is naturally brown, will notshow through the meshes. This hiding of the color is an important item, but the greatest advanage, and the main object of the filling, is to prevent the change of the'shape of the cover ing material by the abundant moisture due to the perspiration of the wearer. The gum or size I prefer to use is composed of one-half rubber and the other half of oxide of zinc, whiting, or other substance which will mix well with the rubber, and the whole may be mixed with any suitable or convenient solvent. I do not, however, confine myself to this compound, as others may be used with good effect; but a compound formed partly of rubber I find preferable; By the construction of these two sections-that is to say, an inner section of pure rubber and a covering of filled stockincta very perfect shield is formed, for

the rubber section is thoroughly impermeable,

the covering soaks up the perspiration, and the shield, as a whole and in its separate parts, retains its shape perfectly, while at the same time the shield is readily made, is quite handsome in appearance, is durable, and can be readily driedwhen desired. I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to use enough of the filling on the covering to make it water-proof, but only to put on sufficient of the filling to give it a body that will prevent its shrinking with the perspiration and hinder the brown color of the gum from showing through the meshes. The bet.- tr to allow of the absorption of the perspiration I apply the filling on the inner side only. It will be found that the stockinet covering on a pure rubber lining has a great advantage over the shield formed of pure rubber alone, for in case the latter is used without any covering the perspiration will not pass through it, but as it is entirely devoid of any absorbing property the perspiration forms into drops and rolls down on the dress below the shield, and there does its destructive work in' places where it will show more than if the perspiration passed through the shield. For this reason alone, if for no other, the stockinet covering, either plain or filled, will be found to be a great improvement on a pure rubber shield without such covering. The filled covering, however, will be found to be far the best, because it has been found that the acids used in curing the pure rubber shields have a very destructive effect on the textile goods usedfor the outside or covering; hence, i'f afilled covering is not used it is necessary that care should be taken not to keep them long in stock, as otherwise there would be in the course of a year great loss from the destructive effect of the acids on the textile coverings. By the use of the filled coverings this effect will be avoided, because the filling, which may be of some material-such as a compound of rubberhas an affinity for the acids used in curing, and

therefore absorbs the vapor passing from the cured rubber before it can reach the'textile covering, and thus all dangerof the destructive effect upon the textile covering is avoided. Moreover, if the covering has not been vulcanized, the acids passing from the inner section of the filling will tend to curesaid filling, and thus, instead of being destructive to the covering, the vapors of the acid produce a useful effect.

What I claim as new is- 1. The combination, in an armpit-shield, of

'a lining-section of rubber having a curved fold, and an outer seamless section of stockinet having afilling to hide the rubber and to prevent the shrinking of the stockinet, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in an armpit-shield, of

an inner section of rubberand an outer sec- 7 ISAAC B. KLEINERT.

Witnesses: I JosEPH S. MICHAEL, CHARLES, T. ADAMS. 

